Dehumanized perception, a failure to spontaneously consider the mind of another person, may be a psychological mechanism facilitating inhumane acts like torture. Social cognition—considering someone’s mind—recognizes the other as a human being subject to moral treatment. Social neuroscience has reliably shown that participants normally activate a social cognition neural network to pictures and thoughts of other people; our previous work shows that parts of this network uniquely fail to engage for traditionally dehumanized targets (homeless or drug addicts; see Harris & Fiske, 2009, for review). This suggests participants may not consider these social targets’ minds. Study 1 demonstrates that participants do fail to spontaneously think about the contents of these target’s minds when imagining a day in their life, and rate them differently on a number of human-perception dimensions. Study 2 shows that these human-perception dimension ratings correlate with activation in brain regions beyond the social cognition network, including areas implicated in disgust, attention, and cognitive control. These results suggest that disengaging social cognition affects a number of other brain processes, and hints at some of the complex psychological mechanisms potentially involved in atrocities against humanity.